The invention relates to a networking method of a chain type communication network. The method comprises the following steps that whether data sent by network units in the chain type communication network are received or not is judged, if yes, the next step is carried out, and if not, the first step is carried out repeatedly; the equipment types and the equipment addresses are obtained from information sent by the network units, whether the network units contain first-in-chain equipment or not is judged, if yes, the equipment addresses are recorded to a first blank detailed list, and then the starting step is carried out again; if not, the current first detailed list is sent to the communication network units; the addresses of the communication network units are recorded to a first position of the first detailed list, and data content in the first detailed list downwards moves; then the starting step is carried out again. The invention further relates to a device implementing the method. The network method and device of the chain type communication network have the advantages that a vehicle-mounted device is simple, the information transmission efficiency is higher, and power consumption is smaller.