The invention discloses a damage risk assessment method for an oil and natural gas pipeline. The method comprises the steps of acquiring risk assessment parameters of the pipeline and judging whether changing values of key attribute parameters of the risk assessment parameters are greater than a preset threshold value or not; dividing the pipeline into sections and acquiring N pipe sections of the pipeline according to the judgment results, wherein N is an integer not less than 2; acquiring the risk value of each pipe section of the N pipe sections based on the pipeline failure possibility and the pipeline failure consequence; and conducting analysis and evaluation on the pipeline based on the risk value of each pipe section. By providing the damage risk assessment method for the oil and natural gas pipeline, the pipeline is divided into sections for evaluation, so that the accuracy of the acquired evaluation parameters is improved, the damage risk development trend of the pipeline can be accurately judged, and the risk mitigation measures can be given in a targeted mode.