The invention relates to a distribution method for roasting silica-containing manganese ore of a microwave shaft furnace, and belongs to the technical field of microwave heating and melting of silicomanganese. The method comprises the following steps: respectively crushing the carbon-containing manganese ore, silica and a carbonaceous reducing agent; uniformly mixing the crushed carbon-containing manganese ore and the carbonaceous reducing agent to obtain a mixed material; annularly distributing the crushed silica and the mixed material into the microwave shaft furnace; heating under the state that the mixed material is inside and the silica is outside so as to obtain a hot mixed material. With the adoption of the method, the reducing roasting efficiency of the carbon-containing manganese ore is high, the silica is heated to the maximum, and therefore, the overall energy consumption can be reduced.