The invention discloses a device for automatically identifying and protecting a position of a power head of a horizontal positioning drill. The device comprises a controller (1), a speed measuring sensor (2), a pushing and pulling handle (3) and a display (4), wherein the speed measuring sensor is used for detecting positive rotation and negative rotation speed of a power head motor; the controller, the speed measuring controller and a positive electrode of the display are connected with a positive electrode of a 24V direct-current power supply; a negative electrode of the 24V direct-current power supply is connected with the controller and a negative electrode of the display respectively; the speed measuring sensor is connected with the controller; the controller is connected with a negative electrode, a signal end and a positive electrode of the pushing and pulling handle; the controller is connected with the display; the controller is connected with a positive rotation solenoid valve (5) and a negative rotation solenoid valve (6) of a pushing and pulling pump (7). The device can be used for measuring the positive rotation speed and the negative rotation speed of the power head motor, calculating a forward and backward operation distance of the power head on a drilling rack, so that the safety operation position of the power head is guaranteed, and the construction safety is guaranteed.