The invention relates to a water oil recovery emergent treatment method. The water oil recovery emergent treatment method comprises, when oil leakage occurs, containing oil in a leakage point and cutting off oil sources the first time to prevent oil from continuing to enter rivers so that oil spilling of polluted water can be fundamentally cut off; utilizing site resources to structuring solid dams and control dams, and meanwhile rapidly setting oil containment booms and oil sucking drawing booms in the rivers to intercept the oil sources and to avoid continuous diffusion of leaked oil; besides, making full use of river gates to control or divert upland water, to control the water level and to create conditions for oil collection; recovering the leaked oil through pumps, oil collectors, oil absorbent felts and oil gelling agent; after oil recovery operations are completed, from the oil leakage position to the downstream, step by step cleaning and burning pollutant on banks and in water, and spraying oil spilling dispersant and oilphilic bacteria to degrade oil residues. The water oil recovery emergent treatment method organically links up the procedures of oil recovery treatment and can improve the emergency reaction capacity, the decision-making capacity and the working capacity of emergency commanders and workers.