The invention discloses a personal locating method and a personal locating device based on surface electromyogram signal and MEMS inertial measurement unit combination. The personal locating method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing a neural skeletal muscle motion model through neural network training; (2) during practical locating, collecting surface electromyogram signals on the surface of a locater, and obtaining real-time auxiliary location information of the locator through the neural skeletal muscle motion model; (3) obtaining the real-time location information of the locator according to an MEMS inertial measurement unit, and merging the real-time auxiliary location information obtained in the second step and the real-time location information of the locator; (4) carrying out navigation solution on merged information, and thus obtaining the location data of the locator to realize personal locating. Without depending on any external information or equipment, the device is autonomous, convenient to install and carry, low in cost and high in suitable environment capacity. Indoor and outdoor seamless navigation unrestricted by GPS signals can be realized, and the precision and reliability of personal locating navigation are improved through combined navigation.