The invention discloses a running gear of a picking machine for peony fruits for oil. The running gear comprises an overhead rack which is high enough from the ground, wherein a pair of rubber crawler chassis is arranged below the overhead rack and used as an advancing part; a lifting mechanism is arranged in front of the overhead rack; a picking table is arranged on the lifting mechanism; the height of the picking table is adjusted through the lifting mechanism; picking and harvesting operations are carried out on the fruits on peony plants through the picking table; and an automatic leveling mechanism is also arranged on the lifting mechanism, so that the picking table is kept horizontal to ensure the cutting angle. In addition, a shelling and sorting device for the peony fruits for the oil is also arranged on the running gear to directly sort the fruits cut by the picking table, so that the harvesting efficiency is improved; and coordinated process operation of harvesting and sorting is realized.