The invention relates to an urban traffic-oriented traffic index calculation method. The calculation method is defined by flow and a vehicle speed, and is based on commonly used microwave data and floating car data in urban traffic; and historical or real-time traffic indexes of a road network can be determined by adopting methods such as data fusion, statistical modeling and mathematical modeling. The urban traffic-oriented traffic index calculation method has the characteristics of high accuracy of calculation result, high adaptivity, low cost, high feasibility, simplicity and convenience of calculation process, low time complexity and high operation speed.