The invention relates to a real-time defogging method of a monitoring video, and belongs to the technical field of image processing. The real-time defogging method comprises the steps that step 1, scene data collecting and sampling are conducted; step 2, contents of the monitoring video are divided; step 3, defogging processing is conducted on the monitoring video, wherein substep 1, foggy weather is detected; substep 2, defogging is conducted on video background; substep 3, defogging is conducted on video foreground; substep 4, airglow is estimated. Compared with an existing video/image defogging method, the real-time defogging method of the monitoring video has the advantages that the algorithm is simple, the complexity of calculation is low, and the achieving speed is high; the algorithm targetedly processes the characteristic of the monitoring video, the computation redundance in the fog-free weather is reduced, and the robustness is strong.