The invention discloses a snake gastrostege simulated structure of tribological anisotropy and a preparation method. The snake gastrostege simulated structure comprises a bottom flexible rubber layer and multiple scales extending obliquely from the rubber layer, a certain distance is left between adjacent scales, and the scales incline toward the same direction. According to the structure, the distribution structure of snake gastrostege is simulated, the structure has the features such as the tribological anisotropy, the structure is used for driving components of equipment such as a bionic snake robot, and the off-road crossing performance and driving efficiency of the equipment can be effectively improved. The preparation method comprises the steps of scale designing, cutting, bending, stacking and pouring, the operation is simple, and the implementation is easy.