The invention discloses a hybrid magnetic steel rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided with the rotor. Magnetic steel of the rotor is formed by two parts including inner magnetic steel and outer magnetic steel, wherein the inner magnetic steel is close to a motor rotating shaft, the outer magnetic steel is far away from the motor rotating shaft, and the intrinsic coercive force of the outer magnetic steel is greater than that of the inner magnetic steel; the magnetizing direction of the inner magnetic steel is identical to that of the outer magnetic steel, and the inner magnetic steel and the outer magnetic steel are both neodymium-iron-boron magnetic steel; the thickness of the outer magnetic steel is smaller than that of the inner magnetic steel. According to the hybrid magnetic steel rotor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided with the rotor, an outer side part which is far away from the motor rotating shaft adopts the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic steel with the high intrinsic coercive force, so that the rotor of the motor has good anti-demagnetizing performance, meanwhile, an inner side part which is close to the motor rotating shaft adopts the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic steel with the low intrinsic coercive force and high residual magnetic flux density, so that the production cost of the motor is greatly reduced on the premise of guaranteeing the motor performance; meanwhile, a segmental structure is adopted, so that the vortex loss of a permanent magnet material can be reduced, the efficiency of the motor is increased, the temperature rise of the rotor is reduced, and the anti-demagnetizing performance of the rotor is further increased.