The invention discloses an irrigated area domestic wastewater activated iron-anaerobe coupling strengthening and nitrogen and phosphorus removal device. An anaerobic filter bed tank, an activated iron-anaerobe coupling reaction tank, a contact aeration tank, a settling tank, a disinfection tank, an aeration device and a backwashing device are sequentially arranged through partition boards; a water inlet pipe is communicated with the anaerobic filter bed tank; the anaerobic filter bed tank returns water and then is communicated with the activated iron-anaerobe coupling reaction tank; the activated iron-anaerobe coupling reaction tank returns water and then is communicated with the contact aeration tank; the contact aeration tank returns water and then is communicated with the settling tank; the settling tank is communicated with the disinfection tank; the disinfection tank is communicated with a water outlet pipe; the aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the contact aeration tank; a backflow device and the backwashing device are arranged between the contact aeration tank and the activated iron-anaerobe coupling reaction tank. The irrigated area domestic wastewater activated iron-anaerobe coupling strengthening and nitrogen and phosphorus removal device has the advantages of being compact and simple in overall structure, easy to install, manufacture and use, and low in cost; a self-burial mode is adopted, the ground space is not occupied, and the device is suitable for treatment of rural scattered domestic wastewater; the nitrogen and phosphorus removal and purification effects are remarkable.