The invention relates to a novel multifunctional wheelchair and a using method thereof. The novel multifunctional wheelchair comprises a wheelchair body with two back wheels and two front wheels, wherein the front wheels is steerable; each back wheel is provided with a transmission box, and a main shaft connected with the back wheel in a transmission way is arranged in the transmission box and is driven by a main motor to rotate; three hollow gear shafts of which the lengths are sequentially shortened sequentially sleeve the main shaft from inside to outside and are provided with driving motors respectively ; an elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the shaft end of each hollow gear shaft; a cushion block with a right triangular cross section is connected with the end part of each elastic telescopic rod, so that when the wheelchair body climbs a ladder, one cushion block is always kept at the bottom of the back wheels to change steps into a slope; the front wheels are arranged on the wheelchair body through a lifting mechanism. The novel multifunctional wheelchair is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, can be used on a flat ground, and can also climb the ladder, and various requirements are met.