A stuffing box device of a crosshead two-stroke diesel engine comprises a piston rod (1) and a stuffing box. The stuffing box comprises a casing. The casing is composed of an upper half portion, a lower half portion and a flange (6), and the upper half portion is connected with the lower half portion. Two layers annular cavities are provided on the inner surface of the upper half portion from top to bottom and along axis direction in sequence. An oil scraping ring (12) and a first gas ring seal assembly are sequentially placed in the first layer annular cavity, and an oil discharge hole I (101) is formed in the cavity wall of the cavity. A second gas ring seal assembly is placed in the second layer annular cavity. Each gas ring seal assembly is assembled by mismatching and nesting a sealing inner ring and a sealing outer ring, and the sealing inner ring and the sealing outer ring are both divided into a number of arc segments. Four layers oil scraping rings (12) are arranged in the interior of the lower half portion in sequence, and at least one annular spring arc groove (108) is provided on the circumferential surfaces of the sealing outer ring and the oil scraping ring. The sealing outer ring and the oil scraping ring are tethered to the excircle of the piston rod through springs (9) arranged in the spring arc grooves and are imbedded in the annular cavities. The stuffing box device is good in the sealing performance, convenient for detecting working property of each ring, simple in disassembly and assembly, and low in maintenance cost.