The invention discloses a self-reset oil damper. The self-reset oil damper is of an annular limiting structure formed by sequentially hinging four groups of damping units which are the same in structure by using connecting pin shafts, wherein each damping unit comprises an upper layer plate, a middle layer plate and a base layer plate which are sequentially arranged in a connected manner from top to bottom by pin shafts; the main body of each upper layer plate and each bottom layer plate is of a circular structure; a connecting handle is integrally formed on a side of the circular structure; each middle layer plate is of a frame structure of a hydraulic mechanism driven by a piston rod; one end of each piston rod extends out of the middle layer plate along the radial direction of the middle layer plate which is of a frame structure and is hinged with each upper layer plate and each base layer plate. The self-reset oil damper disclosed by the invention can have displacement in a two-dimensional space, has a certain initial rigidity and can resist wind load and small shock; when the self-reset oil damper is beyond design intensity, an energy consuming element gets into a working state to dissipate earthquake energy; after the earthquake is ended, pressure or tensile force generated by a spiral spring forces the piston rod to return to the initial position, so that residual deformation is eliminated and a resetting function is realized. The self-reset oil damper can be widely applied to energy-consumption shock absorption and position limitation control of buildings.