The invention belongs to the technical field of prestress, and particularly relates to a grouting-free adhesive-bonded prestressed steel bar and a preparation and construction method thereof. The adhesive-bonded prestressed steel bar comprises a corrugated pipe, structural adhesive and a prestressed steel bar. The preparation method comprises the following steps: after filling the corrugated pipe with structural adhesive, inserting the prestressed steel bar in the corrugated pipe; erasing the superfluous structural adhesive so as to enable the prestressed steel bar to be capable of freely expanding and contracting in the corrugated pipe. Compared with the prior art, the grouting-free adhesive-bonded prestressed steel bar disclosed by the invention has the advantages that concentrated factory production can be adopted, the quality controllability is good, the separability of types is high, and the on-site usage and the quality control are convenient. Experiments prove that the grouting-free adhesive-bonded prestressed steel bar is high in bonding strength with concrete members, is good in compactness and is high in capability of resisting corrosion, so that the overall working properties and the durability of a prestressed concrete structure are greatly improved, and the service life of the prestressed concrete structure is prolonged. The grouting-free adhesive-bonded prestressed steel bar disclosed by the invention can play an important role on the technical field of the prestress, and has an extensive market prospect.