The invention relates to a non-silicon oil carbon fiber protofilament oil agent, and is used for mainly solving the technical problem of poor stability of oil emulsions in the prior art. The problem is better solved by adopting the technical scheme that the oil agent is comprises the following components in parts by weight: an esterified material a, an amide ethoxylated material b, an esterified material c, and an emulsifier, wherein the esterified material a is obtained by carrying out a reaction of adipic acid with bisphenol A polyoxyethylene ether monofatty acid ester, the amide ethoxylated material b is a product obtained by carrying out a reaction of diethylenetriamine and R2COOH to obtain amide and then carrying out an ethoxylation reaction of amide with ethylene oxide, and the esterified c is a product obtained by carrying out a reaction of oxalic acid with a mixture composed of hydrogenated castor oil polyoxyethylene ether and fatty acid diethanolamide R3CON(CH2CH2OH)2; and the emulsifier has the structure represented by the formula stated in the description. The oil agent can be applied to industrial manufacturing of high-performance carbon fibers.