The invention provides a power equipment overhaul optimization method based on fuzzy service life reduction. The method comprises the following steps: according to uncertainty on an enhancement effect of an equipment fault rate by an overhaul activity, carrying out fuzzy fitting on the fault rate in the historical data of equipment, proposing a fuzzy service life reduction fault rate prediction model, and comprehensively considering reliability and economy to establish an elastic state overhaul decision optimization model; and adopting the fuzzy service life reduction model to calculate a fault rate distribution function of the overhauled equipment, and applying the elastic state overhaul decision optimization model to carry out the solving optimization of power equipment overhaul time, wherein a fault rate limiting value serves as an constraint condition of an extremum of the fault rate distribution function of the overhauled equipment to cause the whole life cycle of the equipment to be economic. The method fully considers the fuzziness and the randomness of the overhaul activity on the failure probability and the service life of single power transformation equipment, is favorable for a power grid enterprise to reasonably organize an overhaul plane and reliably prolongs the service life of the equipment.