The invention relates to a novel continuous, quick, efficient and automatic cocoon harvesting machine. The cocoon harvesting machine comprises a paper cocooning frame conveying system, a silkworm cocoon separating mechanism and a silkworm cocoon collecting mechanism, wherein the silkworm cocoon collecting mechanism is mounted below the silkworm cocoon separating mechanism; a compression roller of the silkworm cocoon separating mechanism is in a spoke wheel shape provided with bulging teeth, when the compression roller rotates, the bulging teeth of the compression roller press in holes of a paper cocooning frame to press silkworm cocoons in the holes out of the paper cocooning frame; the silkworm cocoons fall onto a silkworm cocoon slideway under the rotation action of the a brush roller after being pressed out of the paper cocooning frame and then slide out of the cocoon harvesting machine to be collected. The cocoon harvesting machine is simple in structure, convenient to mount, easy to operate and capable of performing continuous, quick, efficient and automatic cocoon harvesting operation on paper cocooning frames in different specifications and dimensions, effectively avoiding damage to the paper cocooning frames and the silkworm cocoons, thoroughly separating the silkworm cocoons from the paper cocooning frames and quickly collecting the silkworm cocoons and the paper cocooning frames with cocoons harvested.