The invention discloses a topologic partition based multi-section joint parameter estimation method. A multi-section joint parameter estimation algorithm is utilized for parameter estimation, so that the estimation measurement redundancy of power grid parameters is increased, the influence of error measurement on the power grid parameters is reduced, and the parameter estimation precision is improved. According to the method, in view of the problem of high calculated amount of the multi-section joint parameter estimation algorithm, a power grid is first partitioned according to a topologic connection relation, and a partition based parameter estimation model is established, so that the parameter estimation calculation scale is reduced. According to the method, maintenance parameters of a dispatching system is estimated and calculated, and theoretical estimation values of error parameters in the system are pointed out, so that the operation and maintenance workload is greatly reduced and the management level of the power grid parameters is improved.