The invention relates to a driver identification management method and system. The method comprises the steps that before a vehicle is started, identification and authentication are carried out on a driver to judge whether the driver is legal or not, the vehicle is started if yes, and start of the vehicle is limited if not; in the driving process, the face of the driver is scanned and identified to judge whether the scanned driver is the driver who is identified before the vehicle is started, and if not, a failure signal and the scanned driver face information are sent to a remote server; the fatigue state of the driver is detected and identified in real time in the driving process, and reminding and speed limiting are carried out according to the fatigue driving level. According to the process, the driver is strictly managed, a driver without driving qualifications is prevented from starting off, driver changing in the driving process and fatigue driving of the driver are prevented, vehicle driving safety is improved, and the accident probability is lowered.