The invention relates to the field of highway tunnel and railway tunnel surrounding rock supporting, in particular to a large cross-section tunnel supporting system construction method applicable to steep dip layered rock mass. The method is characterized in that when a forward inclination layer pilot tunnel and an upper part middle pilot tunnel are dug, a temporary support and first and second layer linings positioned in the positions of the forward inclination layer pilot tunnel and the upper part middle pilot tunnel are made; and when a backward inclination layer pilot tunnel and a lower part pilot tunnel are dug, a temporary support and a first layer lining positioned at the backward inclination layer pilot tunnel and the lower part pilot tunnel are made. The method has the advantages that by aiming at the steep dip layered rock mass tunnel digging damage features, the strength and the rigidity of top and arch part supporting structures are mainly reinforced; the strength and deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of tunnel top and layer exposure parts can be effectively enhanced; the deformation and the instability of the surrounding rock in the two weak positions are controlled; and the stability of the rock mass in the arch part or layer exposure parts is ensured.