The invention provides a ground-based simulation light source device for testing of a satellite sensor. The device comprises a solar simulation light source, a southern earth simulation light source, a northern earth simulation light source and a light source controller, wherein the solar simulation light source is used for simulating sunlight and providing sunlight excitation signals, sunlight reference signals and sun scanning periodic signals for testing of a solar sensor; the southern and northern earth simulation light sources are used for simulating earth infrared radiation and providing earth infrared excitation signals, earth chord width signals and earth scanning periodic signals for testing of southern and northern earth sensors; the light source controller is used for supplying power to the ground-based simulation light source device and controlling light source signals. The ground-based simulation light source device for testing of the satellite sensor can provide simulated signal sources for the solar sensor and the southern and northern earth sensors which are mounted on a satellite and perform online testing and has the advantages of simple structure, compactness, portability, high maneuverability and the like.