The invention relates to a long-distance pipeline microcosmic performance evaluation method based on an accident consequence, which is mainly used for solving the problem that the pertinence of the existing safety investment optimization method is relative bad. In terms of the characteristic that the pertinence of the existing safety investment method is relative bad, the long-distance pipeline microcosmic performance evaluation method based on the accident consequence of the invention distributes weight to root causes according to the size of the accident loss brought by the root causes by analyzing the root causes of the accident and classifying the root causes by referring to the main class of enterprise safety investment so as to evaluate the rationality of actual investment and safety investment weight of actual accident loss to optimize the technical solution of the safety investment so as to well solve the above problem finally. The method of the invention could be applied to long-distance pipeline microcosmic performance evaluation.