The invention provides a lithium ion battery composite pole piece. The lithium battery composite pole piece comprises battery pole pieces and functional coatings composited on surfaces of the battery pole pieces, wherein the functional coatings are prepared from functional substances and adhesives, the functional substances comprise one or more of a phosphorous compound, a nitrogenous compound and inorganic silicon compounds, and the battery pole pieces are a battery positive pole and/or a battery negative pole. According to the lithium ion battery composite pole piece, the functional coating is applied to the surface of each battery pole piece, can quickly absorb excess heat of the battery when the temperature of a lithium ion battery rises and responds to a chemical reaction spontaneously as reaction entropy to form a protective coating on the surface of the corresponding battery pole piece; on one hand, the temperature of the battery can be effectively prevented from rising continuously, on the other hand, active layers on the battery positive and negative poles can be deactivated, potential safety hazards of the battery can be controlled fundamentally, and the safety of the battery is guaranteed.