The invention, which belongs to the array signal processing field, relates to a wearable sound source positioning tracking system and method. The system comprises a sensor assembly, a signal pretreatment assembly, and an algorithm processing and positioning result display assembly. The positioning tracking method includes: a microphone array is used for receiving a sound signal; pretreatment is carried out on the signal and AD sampling is carried out to convert an analog signal into a digital signal; a random matrix feature value spectrum analysis method is used for detecting whether a sound source occurs; the number of source sources, a sound signal frequency and position information are estimated by using a positioning method based on a sub-space technique; a position of a sound source relative to a wearer is displayed by voice and image information; and a motion sensor determines whether the sound source makes relative motion and sound source position information is updated timely. According to the invention, the system and method have the following advantages: the positioning device with a small size can be worn conveniently; and a sound source signal can be detected timely and rapid positioning and sound source target position tracking can be realized.