The invention discloses a comprehensive risk assessment method for an electric vehicle battery replacement station. The method comprises the following steps: a first-level assessment factor set in a hierarchical equipment fault risk assessment system and a sub factor set for each assessment factor in a comprehensive assessment set are designed; an analytic hierarchy process is adopted to determine a weight of each sub factor, a weight coefficient matrix is built, an expert evaluation method is adopted to give an index assessment matrix, a comprehensive target assessment decision making matrix is built, a comprehensive assessment result is obtained, and the comprehensive assessment result is used to obtain a risk assessment total score f. A fuzzy comprehensive analytic hierarchy process is used for carrying out comprehensive assessment on multiple factors of the battery replacement station, each factor weight coefficient and a comprehensive target assessment decision making matrix are calculated and made through an expert experience scoring table, and finally, a safety grade score is obtained. The system considers both fuzziness and hierarchy between factors, and factor influences can be assessed objectively.