The invention relates to a nuclear power plant accident emergency response method including the following steps: S100 classifying nuclear power plant accident source items and determining the radioactive release share of each category of accident source items; S200 determining the real-time specific activity and the radioactive release rate of each category of accident source items; and S300 importing the radioactive release share of each category of accident source items and the radioactive release rate of each category of accident source items into nuclear power plant serious accident analysis software to obtain emergency response hiding and evacuation distance and area. By accurately acquiring the radioactive release share, the real-time specific activity, and the radioactive release rate of each category of accident source items, a radioactive coverage diagram is obtained by the nuclear power plant serious accident analysis software to visually guide personnel within the specified dosage distance to hide or evacuate to protect the life safety of related personnel.