The invention discloses a reservoir surface terrestrial vertebrate passing structure and a construction method thereof. The structure comprises a reservoir periphery guide system, a reservoir bank connecting system, a gallery bridge surface system and a passing result observing system, wherein the reservoir periphery guide system comprises a plant guide, a food guide and an animal excrement guide, which are sequentially arranged on the two banks of a reservoir surface gallery bridge; the reservoir bank connecting system comprises two main cables and support structures arranged at the two ends of the reservoir surface gallery bridge, and the two main cables are connected with anchorages arranged in mountain bed rock through the support structures; and the gallery bridge surface system comprises floating objects, connecting structures and guard structures which are sequentially arranged on the main cables. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a site for the reservoir zone surface gallery bridge; (2) constructing the reservoir periphery guide system; (3) constructing the reservoir bank connecting system; (4) constructing the gallery bridge surface system; and (5) setting the passing result observing system. The reservoir surface terrestrial vertebrate passing structure can effectively realize the transverse activities and communication of terrestrial vertebrates on the two banks of the reservoir.