The invention relates to a multifunctional medicinal material excavator which comprises a machine frame, a vibrating screen, a conveying screen, ground wheels and a collecting bucket. A ground-plowing furrow plough is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the machine frame, and a fixed hanging frame is arranged above the ground-plowing furrow plough. A drive speed changing box is arranged at the middle position of the fixed hanging frame, and the back of the drive speed changing box is connected with a main drive wheel. A hydraulic lifting oil cylinder is symmetrically arranged at the left and right parts of the fixed hanging frame. A movable hanging frame is fixed to the middle position of an upper beam of the front end of the machine frame. The hydraulic lifting oil cylinder is connected with the two ends of the movable hanging frame. Three groups of connecting rods are respectively arranged on the side face, close to the front end, of the machine frame, and the tail ends of the three groups of connecting rods are connected with vibrating screen plates. The vibrating screen is arranged between the vibrating screen plates, a group of drive shafts is symmetrically connected behind the vibrating screen plates, and a drive gear is installed at the outer end of one drive shaft in one group of drive shafts. Conveying gears are arranged on the drive shafts. Conveying chains are arranged on the conveying gears and are connected with the conveying screen. The multifunctional medicinal material excavator is high in excavating efficiency, small in ground-plowing furrow plough resistance, higher in pickup cleanliness and capable of performing separation and screening.