The invention discloses a Brazil pine nut single grain achieving device. The Brazil pine nut single grain achieving device comprises a lifting mechanism, a vibration arraying mechanism, an air blowing type single grain achieving mechanism and a single grain conveying chain which are sequentially linked and arranged. The air blowing type single grain achieving mechanism and the single grain conveying chain are connected through a belt to synchronously move. Brazil pine nuts are conveyed to the vibration arraying mechanism through the lifting mechanism to be subjected to single line ranking and then subjected to single grain fetching through the air blowing type single grain achieving mechanism and fall on the single grain conveying chain. By means of the device, the Brazil pine nuts arranged in a concentrated or scattered manner can be detached into a whole-line single grain state, and the continuously-conveyed whole-line single-grain-achieved Brazil pine nuts can be conveniently graded, detected and processed in a production line manner.