The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting consistency of a panoramic camera, which are used for the technical field of panoramic cameras. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out frame extraction on a video shot by the panoramic camera, wherein the video is shot under the environment that each camera of the panoramic camera is at the same brightness and faces to the same standard reference; obtaining a mean gray value of a video image obtained by frame extraction, respectively obtaining a difference between each obtained mean gray value and a gray reference value corresponding to the mean gray value and taking a sum of all differences as a brightness consistency index parameter; obtaining a color value of the standard reference shot by each camera in the video image obtained by frame extraction and a mean square error of a color reference value corresponding to the color value, and taking a sum of all mean square errors as a color consistency index parameter. According to the method and the device, a consistency effect of the panoramic camera in the aspects of brightness and color can be effectively evaluated and quantized.