The invention discloses a hoisting testing device which comprises a pulling plate assembly, a main girder, two trays and a plurality of pull rod assemblies, wherein the main girder comprises a longitudinal beam and two cross beams, the two cross beams are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the longitudinal beam, a tray is suspended below each cross beam by the pull rod assemblies, and the extension direction of the tray is consistent to that of the cross beam; and a hoisting hole is formed at the top end of the pull rod assembly, and the bottom end of the pull rod assembly is hinged with the longitudinal beam. When being used for testing the hoisting capability of a crawler crane, the hanger of a crawler crane is connected with the hoisting hold of the pull rod assembly, a balancing weight with same or approximate weight as actual working condition is put into the trays, and then testing hoisting can be performed by utilizing the crawler crane according to actual hoisting process; and the hoisting capability of the crawler crane can be judged according to the result of the testing hoisting. In addition, the invention further discloses a crawler crane and a hoisting method adopting the hoisting testing device.