The invention discloses an airplane wheel rotation driving device comprising a mechanical part and an electrical part. The mechanical part comprises an airplane wheel, an airplane wheel bracket for mounting the airplane wheel, a rotation driving wheel, a rotation driving wheel bracket for mounting the rotation driving wheel, and a cylinder, wherein the rotation driving wheel is fixed to the rotation driving wheel bracket through a rotating shaft, a motor is connected with the rotation driving wheel directly through a connecting shaft, and the cylinder is a lifting cylinder and is arranged between the rotation driving wheel bracket and the ground. The electrical part comprises a PLC and a frequency converter. When the rotation driving wheel contacts the airplane wheel, the speed of the airplane wheel can be adjusted to different values by adjusting the frequency converter. The airplane wheel rotation driving device is placed on the ground and can easily drive the airplane to rotate. The speed adjustment is easy, and the speed loss is small. The airplane wheel rotation driving device is of certain significance to the simulation of the rotation speed of the airplane wheel, can simulate the true landing speed of an airplane and conveniently realize airplane wheel rotation driving, and is not affected by various factors such as release altitude or space.