The invention provides an inserting-type micro water retention accumulation regulating module which comprises a box. One side of the interior of the box is longitudinally provided with a control box which separates the side wall of the side of the box, and the control box is provided with a spray irrigation device; in a cavity formed by the outer side wall of the control box and the three side walls, not separated by the control box, of the box, a protection layer, a retention relieving layer, a drainage layer, a filter layer, a matrix layer, a fixing layer and a plant stem and leaf layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top; the three side walls, not separated by the control box, of the box are each provided with a water outlet hole, and a monitor device is arranged in the control box in the retention relieving layer. The inserting-type micro water retention accumulation regulating module can perform water absorption, water seepage, water accumulation and water purification when it rains, release and utilize accumulated water in case of need, regulate the rainfall runoff volume and peak value and the like, solve the urban drainage and flood control problems, purify the water, capture heat, isolate noise, beautify the environment and the like. The module can be produced in a batched mode and is easy to operate, common and easy to use and high in regulating performance and adaptability.