The present invention relates to a lunar exploration device, and particularly relates to an optical camera with a dust cap. The optical camera comprises: a camera base, a camera body mounted on the camera base, and a dust cap, wherein the dust cap is mounted above the camera body, and a seal structure is formed by the dust cap and the camera base. According to the optical camera with the dust cap, by mounting the openable/closable dust cap on the lunar exploration camera, the influence of lunar dust on a detection effect of the optical camera is inhibited effectively, exposure of a movement mechanism is avoided, safety and stability of the lunar exploration device are ensured, and the exploration efficiency is improved.