The invention discloses a distributing valve for a hydraulic rock drill and a distributing control system applied to the hydraulic rock drill. One control cavity of the distributing valve serves as a valve element oil inlet cavity, and the other control cavity of the distributing valve is used for communicating with a pilot control oil line. The communicating stroke Z1 between valve element oil returning cavities is larger than the cut off stroke Z2 among the valve element oil inlet cavity and the valve element oil returning cavities. A hydraulic oil cylinder for controlling an actuating mechanism, an oil inlet cavity of the distributing valve, an oil returning cavity and the pilot control oil line communicate through the distributing control system, and a stroke position feedback control system for a hydraulic oil cylinder piston and a distributing valve element is formed. According to the distributing valve for the hydraulic rock drill and the distributing control system applied to the hydraulic rock drill, the control valve is compact and concise in structure, the valve element and a valve body are convenient to machine, and the valve element is light in weight, so that the overall efficiency of the machine can be improved; in addition, the machining precision and the assembling precision can be ensured, and moving of the valve element is smooth; hydraulic impacting caused by non-timely position signal feedback is mainly overcome, response is timely, the sensitivity is high, and the effect of machine body protecting is achieved; moreover, the returning energy can be absorbed, a peak flow is provided, and the energy use ratio is increased.