The invention discloses a phase-change composite microcapsule hydrogel and a physical antipyretic patch thereof; the phase-change composite microcapsule hydrogel contains a macromolecular substance, phase-change composite microcapsules, thermochromic microcapsules and other materials. The antipyretic patch is composed of a back lining layer, a hydrogel layer and an anti-sticking layer successively; the hydrogel is a phase-change composite microcapsule hydrogel and coats the back lining layer; the back lining layer is made of a pharmaceutical-graded non-woven fabric and is printed with a color-temperature correlation band, and the middle of the back lining layer is left with a gap for observation of color change of the hydrogel layer. The thermochromic microcapsules in the antipyretic patch can be gradually faded along with body temperature rising and is faded to be colorless when the temperature is higher than 39.5 DEG C, to warn that the antipyretic patch is failed. The phase-change composite microcapsule material of the antipyretic patch can be turned back to a solid after being cooled, can be used repeatedly, thereby saving cost. The phase-change material and the temperature-sensitive color changing material adopted by the antipyretic patch are both macromolecular materials, and the antipyretic patch is non-toxic and harmless, has no side effect and is safe to use.