The invention provides a cement mortar drying shrinkage testing frame and testing method, and belongs to the field of civil engineering. The structure of the cement mortar drying shrinkage testing frame comprises a top plate and a bottom plate which are both horizontally arranged, a vertical support is connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, the top plate is provided with at least one inserting hole used for containing a dial indicator, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with test piece grooves used for containing test pieces, and the inserting holes and the test piece grooves vertically correspond one to one and are coaxially formed. When the cement mortar drying shrinkage testing frame is used, test pieces are firstly poured, standardly cured and then demoulded, the demoulded test pieces are subjected to waterlogged curing and then installed on the testing frame, the testing frame with the test pieces and the dial indicators is put in a dry environment to be cured, and then the drying shrinkage rate of the test pieces is measured through the dial indicators. According to the cement mortar drying shrinkage testing frame, the operation steps are simple, the test pieces do not need to be repeatedly taken and put, and errors and the test fault possibility are reduced.