The invention discloses a reconfigurable computation cyclic mapping optimization method, which comprises the following steps: establishing an internal and external layer cyclic model, and determining an optimal internal layer iteration initial interval and an optimal external layer iteration initial interval; according to the optimal internal layer iteration initial interval, obtaining internal layer running water, and obtaining an external layer running water kernel according to the optimal external layer iteration initial interval; segmenting the external layer running water kernel into a first preset amount of paragraphs, and extracting and compressing the repeating unit of each paragraph into a second preset amount of copies; and for each repeating unit, according to a REGIMap algorithm, constructing and compressing an original compatible graph, and searching a maximum clique of which the size is equal to an operator amount which needs to generate configuration information in the compressed compatible graph. The reconfigurable computation cyclic mapping optimization method has the following advantages that the computation time and the configuration amount of non-perfect multi-layer nesting loop on a reconfigurable computation array are lowered so as to improve the performance of a reconfigurable processor, and algorithm complexity is polynomial time so as to meet practical compilation requirements.