The invention relates to a puncture needle which comprises a sleeve, a needle core and a handle, wherein the handle is connected to the upper part of the sleeve, and comprises a fixed part, and the fixed part is provided with two extending rods; the upper and lower halves of the fixed part are provided with first and second through holes which are communicated respectively; the aperture of the second through hole is equal to the aperture of the sleeve, and the aperture of the first through hole is greater than the aperture of the second through hole; the needle core sequentially penetrates through the first and second through holes and extends into the sleeve; a spring is arranged in the first through hole; a pushrod comprises a rod body and a push handle arranged at the upper end of the rod body; the rod body is arranged in the first through hole, and is in contact with the spring; a groove is formed in the lower end of the rod body, and the top end of the needle core is clamped in the groove. According to the puncture needle, extension and contraction of the needle core are controlled by controlling movement of the needle core through the handle, the spring and the pushrod. In addition, when the needle core is separated from the sleeve, elastic pieces of a puncture wound prevention device are clamped into clamping grooves of the needle core, so that a needle point is sleeved and an operator is prevented from being punctured and wounded by the needle point.