The invention discloses a novel grinding roller with a quick-changing shell, comprising a roller spindle, a roller block and the quick-changing shell.One end of the roller block is peripherally provided with a large circular groove, and the other end of the roller block is provided with a small circular groove; one end of each of left and right semicircular conical shells of the quick-changing shell is connected with a large arc plate, the other end being connected with a small arc plate; a butt joint of the large arc plate is provided with a connecting plate, the large arc plate is inserted into the large circular groove, and the small arc plate is inserted into the small circular groove; the large arc plate is distributed a plurality of threaded holes, and the roller block is connected with the large arc late through hex screws; the small arc plate is distributed a plurality of radial positioning light holes, and the roller block is connected with the small arc plate through the hex screws and the light holes in this position.The invention also provides a method of changing the quick-changing shell of the novel grinder with the quick-changing roller.A new shell can be provided after the shell is abraded without changing the whole grinding roller, on one hand, equipment replacement cost is reduced, and on the other hand, work efficiency is improved.