The invention discloses an axial flow fan with blade front edges having groove structures and with a blade root blowing effect. The axial flow fan comprises a net cover, an impeller, guide vanes, an inner barrel, an outer barrel and a motor. The net cover is woven from iron wires and is fixed to the outer barrel. The impeller comprises a hub and blades, the front edges of the blades have the groove structures, the tail edges of the tops of the blades have protrusion structures, and blowing grooves are formed in the hub of the impeller. The blades are airfoil blades designed through a constant circulation isolated airfoil method, the protrusion structures are additionally arranged the tail edges of the top ends of the blades, guide plates are additionally arranged on suction surfaces of the guide vanes, and the thicknesses of boundary layers of blade root portions can be reduced. Separation of boundary layers of front edge points of the blades is restrained. The size of blade top clearance vortexes and the disengaging frequency of the vortexes are controlled. Radial secondary flow of the guide vanes is reduced. Noise of wake vortexes of the guide vanes is restrained. By improving different positions of the axial flow fan, the axial flow fan is higher in efficiency, lower in noise and more environmentally friendly and saves more energy.