The invention relates to a combine harvesting and briquetting machine for corn roots and stubbles. The machine mainly comprises an offset digging handle, an offset digging shovel, a stubble clearing roller, stubble clearing roller teeth, a pickup roller, pickup roller teeth, an endless belt, a pushing hydraulic cylinder, a pressing hydraulic cylinder, a compression chamber, serrated knives, tamping drums and a stubble guiding plate. The offset digging handle, the stubble clearing roller, the pickup roller and the tamping drums are separately mounted on a main beam, the offset digging shovel, the stubble clearing roller teeth, the pickup roller teeth and the serrated knives are mounted correspondingly, a first grid mesh transmission chain is mounted at the lower end of the main beam, the pushing hydraulic cylinder and the pressing hydraulic cylinder are mounted on the compression chamber, one end of a second grid mesh transmission chain is connected with a driving chain wheel, and the other end of the second grid mesh transmission chain is connected with the tamping drums. The combine harvesting and briquetting machine is compact in structure and can be used for achieving the anti-drag digging, full-size pickup and efficient root-soil separation and stubble breaking of the corn roots and stubbles, and the serrated knives can be used for synchronously achieving the kneading, stubble breaking, cutting and hacking of root-soil complexes, so that secondary efficient stubble-soil separation after primary root-soil parting by the pickup roller teeth is achieved, and broken stubbles are subjected to briquetting.