The invention relates to a method for separating oxygenated chemicals and 1-hexene from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil product.The method comprises the steps that C6 fraction material flow is obtained through distillation in a predistillation tower by taking the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil product as a raw material, and two streams of extraction agents are fed to remove oxygenated chemicals in an extraction tower to obtain material flow rich in the oxygenated chemicals and crude C6 hydrocarbon material flow; the oxygenated chemicals contained in the crude C6 hydrocarbon material flow are further removed through a third extraction agent, tertiary olefins are converted into corresponding ethers through methyl alcohol under the action of an etherification catalyst to be removed, further purification is performed through rectification, and then C6 isoparaffin components and cycloolefin components are removed sequentially through a fourth extraction agent and a fifth extraction agent respectively to obtain 1-hexene product material flow.Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of being simple in technological process, low in cost and the like, and not only is 1-hexene separated and purified from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis oil, but also the oxygenated chemicals can be separated.