The invention discloses a distributed verifiable threshold key distribution method based on a Vehicle to X (V2X) network. The method comprises the steps of dividing roadside nodes into clusters via a network management center, generating sub keys according to vehicle scales, distributing the generated verification information and sub keys to the roadside nodes, broadcasting the verification information to vehicle nodes by the roadside nodes, sending the sub keys corresponding to unique identifiers of the vehicle nodes to the corresponding vehicle nodes, verifying the validity of the sub keys using the verification information when the quantity of the sub keys received by the vehicle nodes reaches the lowest threshold value of restorable keys, and restoring keys using the sub keys after the verification passes. According to the method, a privacy sharing method is applied to the roadside nodes, so that the security of the V2X network is improved using the characteristics of high security of the roadside nodes, bandwidth links, periodical broadcasting of heartbeat information and the like, and the security risk brought to a system by counterfeit roadside nodes is avoided by verifying the roadside nodes with the vehicle nodes.