The invention belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas well drilling, and discloses a real-time monitoring system of a coal bed gas well site. The real-time monitoring system of the coal bed gas well site comprises a singlechip microcomputer minimum system circuit, a solar power supply circuit, a pumping unit monitoring unit, a well head parameter monitoring unit, a well site parameter monitoring unit, an under-well monitoring unit, an under-well pipeline monitoring unit, a methane concentration monitoring unit and a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) module, wherein a power supply priority is arranged for each port of the singlechip microcomputer minimum system circuit, and the priorities of the pumping unit monitoring unit, the well head parameter monitoring unit, the well site parameter monitoring unit, the under-well monitoring unit, the under-well pipeline monitoring unit and the methane concentration monitoring unit are arranged from low to high. The invention discloses the efficient detection system.