The invention discloses a copper current collector used for a lithium ion battery. Blind holes which are distributed in a radial manner from the center to the edge are formed in the top surface of the copper current collector, convex edges are formed at the region outside the blind holes in the top surface, and coralline coarse microstructures are arranged on the surfaces of the blind holes and the convex edges. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the copper current collector of the lithium ion battery. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) structure design and transferring of the copper current collector; (2) surface pretreatment of a copper piece; (3) coating and exposing of self-drying type light sensing blue oil; (4) structure developing, etching and demolding; (5) roughing treatment of the convex edges; and (6) oxidization of the surface of the copper current collector. According to the invention, the bonding strength between the copper current collector and active substances is improved by increasing the effective contact area, the contact resistance between the copper current collector and the active substances is reduced, the activation process of the charging and discharging of the lithium ion battery is accelerated, and meanwhile, the charging and discharging capacity and stability before and after activation of the lithium ion battery can be improved.