The invention provides a metallurgical reaction device with coexisting oxidizing atmosphere and reducing atmosphere. The reaction device comprises a reaction tower, wherein an oxygen and solid carbon adding device is arranged on the top part of the reaction tower; oxygen and solid carbon are continuously downwards added from the top of the tower to the reaction tower; the solid carbon and the oxygen are combusted to react to form a strong oxidization area, a weak oxidization area, a weak reduction area and a strong reduction area from top to bottom of the reaction tower. According to the device, the reaction of the solid carbon and the oxygen is continuously accelerated as the solid carbon falls down, so that the ratio of O2 to CO is continuously reduced from top to bottom, and finally, the boundary of oxidation and reaction conditions is broken, and the oxidizing atmosphere and the reducing atmosphere can be generated from top to bottom in a space. The device is simple in construction method, low in one-time investment, and low in energy consumption.