The invention discloses a microwave switch multiple input multiple output antenna system of a high-speed rail broadband special-purpose network high dynamic transformer LTE technology. The system comprises high-speed rail special-purpose network base station antenna subsystems and high-speed rail vehicle-mounted antenna subsystems, and is characterized in that each high-speed rail special-purpose network base station antenna subsystem comprises an iron tower, a radio frequency/intermediate frequency module (RICM), a high-gain antenna, an omnidirectional antenna and a base station baseband (BBM); and each high-speed rail vehicle-mounted antenna subsystem comprises a radio frequency/intermediate frequency conversion module (RICM), a high-gain antenna, an omnidirectional antenna, a microwave switch and a servo control unit. The microwave switch multiple input multiple output antenna system of a high-speed rail broadband special-purpose network high dynamic LTE transformer is suitable for high-speed rail communication and overcomes the technical problem of high-dynamic nonlinear capture and tracking of base station antennas by vehicle-mounted antennas under a high-speed motion condition of 350-500km/h in high-speed rail special-purpose network communication.